A biologist, of much repute,
Declared "I'll fully refute
All heresy, and show
MY DARWIN WOULD KNOW
Quite well how species transmute.
"It happened like this: in a bird
Or a beast, mutations occurred
By chance, and through these,
In gradual degrees,
Arose a Darwinist nerd:
"For, in a process of slaughter,
Selection has simply 'gotter'
Prefer any geek,
Or Darwinist freak,
Who's a fully scatterbrained rotter."
Darwinism is the notion that all living things were produced by chance plus natural selection: in other words, by mere competitive struggle and slaughter, combined with chance. All living things have been struggling with each other for survival for billions of years, and this "war of nature," as Darwin termed it, supposedly gave rise to enough "natural selection" to create all of the complex and highly developed features which we see in living things today: since only the more efficient life-forms were able to persist and to propagate their line in this vast "war." New genes arose from time to time by chance, and those genes which happened to favor survival and reproduction were preserved, along with the livings things which possessed them, while the less efficient life-forms were destroyed. Thus Darwinists daydream that a mindless and mechanical process of mere war, death, and massacre was somehow powerful enough to gradually give rise to all of the remarkable features that we see in living things today.
It has always been obvious that there is a great deal of competition and slaughter in nature. But Darwinism is an extreme, dogmatic, actually fanatical notion which claims that war, death and slaughter must have been the process that somehow managed to produce all higher living things as they exist today. We ought to ask whether any good evidence exists to support this old Darwinist dogma or daydream; and it turns out that no such evidence really exists. On the contrary, there is a great deal of evidence that certain kinds of complexity in living things, rule out the old idea that mere chance plus slaughter could have given rise to them.
Quantum physicist: the design inference is correct.
In a favorable review of the intelligent design book The Design of Life, quantum physicist Ulrich Mohrhoff concludes that "There's no doubt in my mind that specified complexity is the 'smoking gun' of some other-than-human intelligence at work [in the origin of species], as the authors maintain...[the intelligence], however, could be very different from how it is conceived by theists." There's a link to his review on the left sidebar.
The design inference is a conclusion reached by a logical and mathematical re-analysis of the scientific evidence (available evidence published by orthodox Darwinist biologists in scientific journals,) that intelligence had some part in the origin of living forms, by designing or influencing the design of at least some of their features. But that conclusion itself is incapable of identifying the intelligence or intelligences involved. And it cannot determine whether the intelligence involved was supernatural, or arose by some natural process.
Also, the inference that intelligence designed some features of life, in itself leads to no conclusion about whether species, including humans, are the product of some sort of long process of evolutionary descent, which was influenced by intelligence: or whether humans were specially created, and had no lower ancestors. The latter view is what is properly called creationism. The claim that intelligent involvement necessarily means creationism, or is "intelligent design creationism," is false, and is either ignorant, or else is fraudulent propaganda. I am not personally a creationist of any sort.
So the theory sometimes called intelligent design, as it has been developed by those scientists who proposed it, is a broad perspective which is compatible not only with creationism, but also with evolutionary descent. It is thus possible to hold many different personal views on these questions. Mohrhoff is one of those who believe in evolutionary descent (as I do also.) And while many who conclude that intelligence designed some features of life are Christians or other theists in their personal religious views, Mohrhoff adheres to no particular religion; although he isn't a materialist. (There are also a few who are agnostics or atheists. They assume that the intelligence arose by some natural process.) Intelligent involvement is also compatible with the view that natural processes played a considerable role in the origin of living forms. Some take that view, while others do not. Personally, I see no particular reason to believe in God: I don't think that I have any special reason to believe in anything omnipotent, omniscient, or omnibenevolent. Intelligence of some sort may have played a role in the origin of species. But if it did, I adhere to no doctrine about exactly what the intelligence was. Possibly, for instance, it was some conscious or intelligent factor present within each different living thing, since life first appeared.
Some Darwin-fans claim, by the way, that the non-Darwinist views of scientists such as Mohrhoff are irrelevant, if they have no degree in biology. Apparently they don't realize that Darwin's own formal studies were in medicine and theology, not biology: he had no biology degree. It takes interest, ability and effort to make a contribution in any scientific field, but it doesn't necessarily require a degree in that field.
Except for one technical section on "specified complexity," Mohrhoff's review is quite readable. It's a good introduction to the absurdities that abound in Darwinism, and to the evidence that intelligence was involved in life's rise.
The design inference is a conclusion reached by a logical and mathematical re-analysis of the scientific evidence (available evidence published by orthodox Darwinist biologists in scientific journals,) that intelligence had some part in the origin of living forms, by designing or influencing the design of at least some of their features. But that conclusion itself is incapable of identifying the intelligence or intelligences involved. And it cannot determine whether the intelligence involved was supernatural, or arose by some natural process.
Also, the inference that intelligence designed some features of life, in itself leads to no conclusion about whether species, including humans, are the product of some sort of long process of evolutionary descent, which was influenced by intelligence: or whether humans were specially created, and had no lower ancestors. The latter view is what is properly called creationism. The claim that intelligent involvement necessarily means creationism, or is "intelligent design creationism," is false, and is either ignorant, or else is fraudulent propaganda. I am not personally a creationist of any sort.
So the theory sometimes called intelligent design, as it has been developed by those scientists who proposed it, is a broad perspective which is compatible not only with creationism, but also with evolutionary descent. It is thus possible to hold many different personal views on these questions. Mohrhoff is one of those who believe in evolutionary descent (as I do also.) And while many who conclude that intelligence designed some features of life are Christians or other theists in their personal religious views, Mohrhoff adheres to no particular religion; although he isn't a materialist. (There are also a few who are agnostics or atheists. They assume that the intelligence arose by some natural process.) Intelligent involvement is also compatible with the view that natural processes played a considerable role in the origin of living forms. Some take that view, while others do not. Personally, I see no particular reason to believe in God: I don't think that I have any special reason to believe in anything omnipotent, omniscient, or omnibenevolent. Intelligence of some sort may have played a role in the origin of species. But if it did, I adhere to no doctrine about exactly what the intelligence was. Possibly, for instance, it was some conscious or intelligent factor present within each different living thing, since life first appeared.
Some Darwin-fans claim, by the way, that the non-Darwinist views of scientists such as Mohrhoff are irrelevant, if they have no degree in biology. Apparently they don't realize that Darwin's own formal studies were in medicine and theology, not biology: he had no biology degree. It takes interest, ability and effort to make a contribution in any scientific field, but it doesn't necessarily require a degree in that field.
Except for one technical section on "specified complexity," Mohrhoff's review is quite readable. It's a good introduction to the absurdities that abound in Darwinism, and to the evidence that intelligence was involved in life's rise.
Darwinists having a nervous breakdown?
As new and influential books on intelligent design theory are published, Darwinists seem to be having a nervous breakdown. Now it's Stephen C. Meyer's book Signature in the Cell that is attracting favorable notice, much to their horror:
A Darwin-fan bawled, "I'm a tard,
For I worshipped old Darwin too hard!
As his theory collapses,
My neural synapses
Are sputtering, hopelessly scarred."
A Darwin-fan bawled, "I'm a tard,
For I worshipped old Darwin too hard!
As his theory collapses,
My neural synapses
Are sputtering, hopelessly scarred."
Origins of intelligent design theory: Fred Hoyle.
The great astrophysicist Fred Hoyle, who made important discoveries about the development of stars and how chemical elements are produced within them, was one of the first modern intelligent design theorists. Hoyle, who wasn't a creationist, believed in "evolution" in the wider sense of the word: descent of new species from older, different ones, over long time periods. But he proposed, on the basis of the scientific evidence, that some sort of intelligence had played a role in the origin of all species. As a long-time materialist and atheist, he preferred to arbitrarily assume that the intelligence involved arose naturally in the universe, by some sort of physical laws: that it was a "cosmic intelligence." Hoyle influenced many other intelligent design theorists, beginning in the 1980's. Most of them saw no reason to assume that the intelligence or intelligences involved must have arisen naturally. While I also see no reason to think or assume that the designing intelligence involved in ID theory arose naturally, Hoyle does show that such a natural designing intelligence is conceivable, and is available for those who don't want to accept anything supernatural.
In his book Cosmic Life-Force, published in 1988 and 1990 and co-authored by his colleague Chandra Wickramasinghe, Hoyle detailed his views on intelligent design. Chapter 10 of the book is entitled "The concept of a Creator." By a Creator, Hoyle meant an intelligence that designed some aspects of life. The authors wrote:
"The alternative to assembly of life by random, mindless processes is assembly through the intervention of some type of cosmic intelligence. Such a concept would be rejected out of hand by most scientists, although there is no rational argument for such a rejection. With our present knowledge, chemists and biochemists could now perform what even ten years ago would heve been thought impossible feats of genetic engineering. They could, for instance, splice bits of genes from one system to another, and work out, albeit in a limited way, the consequences of such splicings. It would not need to great a measure of extrapolation, or too great a license of imagination, to say that a cosmic intelligence that emerged naturally in the Universe may have designed and worked out all the logical consequences of our own living system. It is human arrogance and human arrogance alone that denies this logical possibility.
"To suppose that a life-form based on exactly the same system as ours, the same complex molecular jigsaw bits, had any part in this grander scheme of things would be to beg the question of origins again. The ultimate cosmic intelligence would need to be comprised of different units from those of our own life-form, possibly also units that are intrinsically more robust than ours, with an ability perhaps to withstand much higher temperatures. The essential complexity of our own cells and of the omnipresent cosmic bacteria must be due in part to the necessity to replicate. The bare essentials for intelligence and consciousness might be separable from such fragile structures, and the ultimate cosmic intelligence built from these more robust structures could well be thought to persist for exceedingly long timescales, even for an eternity. A prime requirement is that such an intelligence be capable of computation, analysis and exploration of the Universe at large." (pp 138-9)
In his book Cosmic Life-Force, published in 1988 and 1990 and co-authored by his colleague Chandra Wickramasinghe, Hoyle detailed his views on intelligent design. Chapter 10 of the book is entitled "The concept of a Creator." By a Creator, Hoyle meant an intelligence that designed some aspects of life. The authors wrote:
"The alternative to assembly of life by random, mindless processes is assembly through the intervention of some type of cosmic intelligence. Such a concept would be rejected out of hand by most scientists, although there is no rational argument for such a rejection. With our present knowledge, chemists and biochemists could now perform what even ten years ago would heve been thought impossible feats of genetic engineering. They could, for instance, splice bits of genes from one system to another, and work out, albeit in a limited way, the consequences of such splicings. It would not need to great a measure of extrapolation, or too great a license of imagination, to say that a cosmic intelligence that emerged naturally in the Universe may have designed and worked out all the logical consequences of our own living system. It is human arrogance and human arrogance alone that denies this logical possibility.
"To suppose that a life-form based on exactly the same system as ours, the same complex molecular jigsaw bits, had any part in this grander scheme of things would be to beg the question of origins again. The ultimate cosmic intelligence would need to be comprised of different units from those of our own life-form, possibly also units that are intrinsically more robust than ours, with an ability perhaps to withstand much higher temperatures. The essential complexity of our own cells and of the omnipresent cosmic bacteria must be due in part to the necessity to replicate. The bare essentials for intelligence and consciousness might be separable from such fragile structures, and the ultimate cosmic intelligence built from these more robust structures could well be thought to persist for exceedingly long timescales, even for an eternity. A prime requirement is that such an intelligence be capable of computation, analysis and exploration of the Universe at large." (pp 138-9)
Pol Pot's ghost celebrates Darwinism.
My friend Madame Tea-Leaves claims that a spirit materialized at her last seance, with many resounding spirit-raps, and chilling moans. It identified itself as Pol Pot, here to honor the influence of Darwin in providing materialistic philosophies with a creation-story: a Darwinist fantasy that is claimed as "science," and which says that a mindless, mechanical, materialistic process of competitive struggle and slaughter gave rise to all living things.
So Karl Marx sent a copy of his book Das Kapital to Darwin, inscribed from a "sincere admirer." With materialistic Marxism rendered sufficiently plausible by Darwin's so-called "science," Lenin, Stalin, Mao and Pol Pot were able to establish their dictatorships and to slaughter people by the tens and hundreds of millions.
POL POT'S GHOST SAID:
Old Darwin claimed that blind strife
Had somehow created all life.
I'll honor his creed,
For with it, no need
For intelligence: carnage is rife,
So I'll rip up the system, and kill
Its defenders. Destroy them. I will.
Old Darwin's the way
To our Marxism. Say,
How much blood his dogma will spill,
For if humans are merely machines
Created by death, why, that means
We can "break a few eggs"
When our purpose thus begs
For slaughter. It's all in our genes.
(Marx's "sincere admirer" homage to Darwin is described in the 1991 biography DARWIN, by Adrian Desmond and James Moore, p.601. Darwin peered at the Das Kapital tome and somehow thought Marx's so-called "scientific" book to be "a great work," although he couldn't read German well. Desmond and Moore are both so old-fashioned as to still be believers in Darwinism, but their biography takes a realistic approach and doesn't uncritically swoon over old Charlie. Although Stalin favored the somewhat unorthodox "Creative Darwinism" of Russian biologist T.D. Lysenko, after Stalin lost favor orthodox Western-style Darwinism was taught in all public schools in the Soviet Union, beginning in about 1967. The 1970 edition of the official Great Soviet Encyclopedia, translated into English in 1975, hailed Darwin and what it naturally called "Darwinism" [the conventional theory of evolution has been customarily referred to as "Darwinism" for many decades.] The encyclopedia considered orthodox, Western-style Darwinism to be the one true materialistic and "scientific" account of the origin of species, and to be a vital part of communist ideology.)
So Karl Marx sent a copy of his book Das Kapital to Darwin, inscribed from a "sincere admirer." With materialistic Marxism rendered sufficiently plausible by Darwin's so-called "science," Lenin, Stalin, Mao and Pol Pot were able to establish their dictatorships and to slaughter people by the tens and hundreds of millions.
POL POT'S GHOST SAID:
Old Darwin claimed that blind strife
Had somehow created all life.
I'll honor his creed,
For with it, no need
For intelligence: carnage is rife,
So I'll rip up the system, and kill
Its defenders. Destroy them. I will.
Old Darwin's the way
To our Marxism. Say,
How much blood his dogma will spill,
For if humans are merely machines
Created by death, why, that means
We can "break a few eggs"
When our purpose thus begs
For slaughter. It's all in our genes.
(Marx's "sincere admirer" homage to Darwin is described in the 1991 biography DARWIN, by Adrian Desmond and James Moore, p.601. Darwin peered at the Das Kapital tome and somehow thought Marx's so-called "scientific" book to be "a great work," although he couldn't read German well. Desmond and Moore are both so old-fashioned as to still be believers in Darwinism, but their biography takes a realistic approach and doesn't uncritically swoon over old Charlie. Although Stalin favored the somewhat unorthodox "Creative Darwinism" of Russian biologist T.D. Lysenko, after Stalin lost favor orthodox Western-style Darwinism was taught in all public schools in the Soviet Union, beginning in about 1967. The 1970 edition of the official Great Soviet Encyclopedia, translated into English in 1975, hailed Darwin and what it naturally called "Darwinism" [the conventional theory of evolution has been customarily referred to as "Darwinism" for many decades.] The encyclopedia considered orthodox, Western-style Darwinism to be the one true materialistic and "scientific" account of the origin of species, and to be a vital part of communist ideology.)
Darwinists eye women's tits.
Darwinists are eager to get a grip on the large and curvy breasts of women, which blossom lusciously in defiance of their expectations, since female apes are flat-chested.
So those scientists who are still backward enough to be fans of Darwinism have proposed that big breasts evolved when humans began to walk erect. They then supposedly began to prefer to engage in sex face-to-face, rather than doggie-style, as apes do.
Thus males who had long been turned on by the sight of a butt, often became horny instead at the sight of curvaceous tits: a frontal pair of which, at least in the feverish imaginations of some Darwinist biologists, resembles a butt. So runs this Darwinist tale of running after tail.
See my link "Can Darwinists explain why women have big tits??" In which a Darwinist-believing biologist fantasizes about this "great theory" that "ass-men" evolved into "tit-men."
Darwin-fans speculate that women with larger breats had their choice of the best male partners. Thus natural selection took hold of their tits and made them bigger and bigger: the Theory of the Expanding Titties!
Thus do believing Darwinists strive to grapple with women's breasts.
But unfortunately for this piece of typically wild Darwinist fantasy, the asses of female apes do not resemble a pair of boobs. There are many parts of the world in which face-to-face sexual intercourse hasn't been very popular. There are also regions in which men have preferred smaller breats. And worse, if the Darwinist "Big Boobs Theory" were correct, men would have an inborn preference for large breasts in their sexual partners. So gay men would chase those men who have some hints of soft and curvy tits (some men do have them.)
But there's no sign of that. Glance at any gay male magazine and it becomes clear that hard, flat, muscular chests are greatly preferred in that set. Not a hint of soft, curvaceous breasts anywhere.
So the Darwinist Big Boobs Theory falls flatter than pendulous tits in a broken bra when faced with the facts.
Like Darwinist theory in general, it belongs to the realm of woolly, speculative daydreams: not to the sphere of genuinely scientific realities which have been demonstrated by experiments.
Then why do men often (not always) like women to have rather large breasts? Think for yourselves for a minute, all ye who cry for True Faith in Darwinism, and it won't be hard to see why.
Larger breasts are one of the prominent secondary sexual characteristics which distinguish men from women. So straight men, who lust after women, associate bigger breasts with a desired partner: and thus with satisfying sexual action. Thus it's no mystery at all why straight men are often sexually excited by the sight of large boobs.
And why, then, do women have large breasts in the first place?
The only genuinely scientific answer is, "Science doesn't know the answer. So your guess is as good as mine, dude. Or gal. Don't be a BIG DARWINIST BOOB."
So those scientists who are still backward enough to be fans of Darwinism have proposed that big breasts evolved when humans began to walk erect. They then supposedly began to prefer to engage in sex face-to-face, rather than doggie-style, as apes do.
Thus males who had long been turned on by the sight of a butt, often became horny instead at the sight of curvaceous tits: a frontal pair of which, at least in the feverish imaginations of some Darwinist biologists, resembles a butt. So runs this Darwinist tale of running after tail.
See my link "Can Darwinists explain why women have big tits??" In which a Darwinist-believing biologist fantasizes about this "great theory" that "ass-men" evolved into "tit-men."
Darwin-fans speculate that women with larger breats had their choice of the best male partners. Thus natural selection took hold of their tits and made them bigger and bigger: the Theory of the Expanding Titties!
Thus do believing Darwinists strive to grapple with women's breasts.
But unfortunately for this piece of typically wild Darwinist fantasy, the asses of female apes do not resemble a pair of boobs. There are many parts of the world in which face-to-face sexual intercourse hasn't been very popular. There are also regions in which men have preferred smaller breats. And worse, if the Darwinist "Big Boobs Theory" were correct, men would have an inborn preference for large breasts in their sexual partners. So gay men would chase those men who have some hints of soft and curvy tits (some men do have them.)
But there's no sign of that. Glance at any gay male magazine and it becomes clear that hard, flat, muscular chests are greatly preferred in that set. Not a hint of soft, curvaceous breasts anywhere.
So the Darwinist Big Boobs Theory falls flatter than pendulous tits in a broken bra when faced with the facts.
Like Darwinist theory in general, it belongs to the realm of woolly, speculative daydreams: not to the sphere of genuinely scientific realities which have been demonstrated by experiments.
Then why do men often (not always) like women to have rather large breasts? Think for yourselves for a minute, all ye who cry for True Faith in Darwinism, and it won't be hard to see why.
Larger breasts are one of the prominent secondary sexual characteristics which distinguish men from women. So straight men, who lust after women, associate bigger breasts with a desired partner: and thus with satisfying sexual action. Thus it's no mystery at all why straight men are often sexually excited by the sight of large boobs.
And why, then, do women have large breasts in the first place?
The only genuinely scientific answer is, "Science doesn't know the answer. So your guess is as good as mine, dude. Or gal. Don't be a BIG DARWINIST BOOB."
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